Cast in Steel 2026 – Horseman’s Axe
Horseman's Axe
Cast in Steel 2026 will be a competition to produce a Horseman’s axe using casting.
Robert the Bruce, King of Scotland, used an axe to defeat Henry de Bohun in single combat at the start of the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314.
Given that Bruce was wielding the axe on horseback, it is likely that it was a one handed horseman’s axe. To the right is an example of a battle axe that was tailored for the use of a mounted knight. Note the hole on the haft for the accommodation of a leather strap to be passed over the wrist, the belt-hook for ease of carrying, and the langets.
This example dates from the last quarter of the 15th century and is 69 cm (27 inches) long. The wooden haft is modern. The blade’s punched decoration suggests German make. Variations of this basic design include the fitting of a hammer face instead of a pointed pick behind the blade.

Competition Requirements

Student teams are challenged this year to use casting technology to make a Horseman’s Axe for the Cast in Steel Competition. To compete, teams should:
1. Register:
a. Registered teams can submit a preliminary plan for review and comment,
b. Registered teams get all announcements and updates,
c. Registered teams can ask for advise, help or support.
2. Teams must:
a. Have students that design, build and test their Horseman’s axe,
i. All teams must be students at a university, college, voc tech or
trade school.
ii. Teams are limited to 5 members
b. Have a faculty sponsor to help the team
c. Have an industry partner familiar with steel casting. SFSA will assist
teams in securing an industry partner.
3. Teams must make and submit their Horseman’s axe. The requirements are:
a. Axes must not weigh more than 1.5 kg (3.3lbs).
b. Axes cannot be longer than 800 mm (31.5 in.).
4. Teams must submit a technical report no longer than 10 pages. Requirements
and advice for technical reports is at:
5. Teams must submit a project video no longer than 5 minutes to introduce their team and their entry.
All axes submitted for the competition become property of SFSA.
Important Dates
Friday, December 5, 2025 Proposed teams and preliminary plan requested.
Friday, March 27, 2026 Project video and technical report due.
Friday, March 27, 2026 Horseman’s axe shipped by.
April 13-17, 2026 Cast in Steel performance testing.
For questions, contact Renee Mueller at rmueller@sfsa.org.
*Details for submissions of reports and videos will be provided to teams once you have registered.

Judging & Awards
Each axe entry will be evaluated in 5 categories in the competition:
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Design and Process from technical report
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Authenticity from the technical report
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Casting Creativity in their production
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Project Video documenting the team and project
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Performance based on testing and expert evaluation
CIS 2026 Grand Prize will be $25,000 for the winning team
Competition Location
Event City: Grand Rapids, MI
Testing Venue: To Be Determined (TBD)
Metal Casting Congress (Axes displayed before event at the FEF booth)
DeVos Place Convention Center
303 Monroe Avenue NW
Grand Rapids, MI
LEARN FROM THE BEST
Frequently Asked Questions
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Will forging after the initial casting be allowed?
The casting requirement is open and evaluates the teams use of casting to add value and quality. All teams do finishing value added operations like grinding, heat treatment, polishing, etc. We consider forging a value added operation like machining or grinding. If you cast a block and machined out your axe, that would not be making use of the casting operation capability to create geometry and performance. In the same way if you cast a block and forge your axe from it, it is permitted but would not score well on the utilization of casting to produce the item. -
Will we be allowed to make a handle out of wood for the axe or are we supposed to cast all/or most of it?
As above, there are no requirements or restrictions on the design of your Horseman’s axe beyond the weight and length cited on the announcement and on this page. You are able to be creative to maximize your competitiveness in your video, technical report and the axe itself. A critical component in scoring is the optimal use of casting to create value and performance. -
In terms of handle, is a metallic handle required as in a fully cast metal handle, or can other materials be substituted as well?
The team is free to have any combination of materials for their item. The casting requirement is to use casting creatively to add value and improve performance. You are free to use any other materials you want to make the best axe. -
What are the alloy restrictions for this competition?
No restrictions or requirements. It is a steel competition, so SFSA will support your team and find a foundry willing to pour it in steel. Teams often may make a pattern or a mold at another facility and we get them a steel foundry to pour the molds in a selected alloy. Send me a note if you need a steel source. -
Is any additional information available regarding the testing procedures, expectations, or anything else you feel would be helpful for us to know as we prepare?
Look at the Expert discussion videos on this page. They provide a rich background in the competition. You should also look at videos from earlier competitions and the older reports and prior tests. -
If we are running two teams from a single university, do we need two separate faculty to be our sponsor/advisor?
No. Multiple teams can use the same advisor, and can also use the same industry partner. -
Is only NDT is allowed to be included on the technical report? We are looking at also performing destructive testing and metallography. We can also add that to the report?
Cast in Steel Teams have the freedom to craft their report to best present their team and project. The reports should provide a rational for the authenticity of the design and the use of casting. It is useful to provide the key design and production choices as well. And as you asked, all testing including NDT and other testing is valuable. The reference to NDT was to suggest to teams that NDT would reveal cracks like the ones that were in the sword fractures last year. The report contents are the responsibility of the teams to best present their project for the competition.





